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翻译理论术语中英对照
时间:2019-01-25来源:佛山翻译公司点击:786次

  翻译的标准 The criteria(standard)of translation

  信达雅 Fidelity(faithfulness) Fluency(expressiveness) Elegance(flair)

  透彻的理解 have a thorough understanding

  准确的表达 precise(accurate) expression

  意译 free (liberal) translation

  直译 literal translation

  死译 word-for-word translation

  活译 dynamic equivalence translation

  重译 repetition

  增译 (contextual) amplification

  减译 omission

  词类转移 conversion

  词序调整 inversion

  分译 division

  正说反译/反说正译 negation

  语态变换 the change of the voice

  归化/异化 Foreignizing/ Alienation; Domesticating/ Adaptation

  对等 equivalence

  形式对等 formal correspondence

  动态(灵活)对等 dynamic equivalence

  意义对等 equivalence in terms of meaning

  风格对等 equivalence in terms of style

  意合 Parataxis

  形合 Hypotaxis

  欠额翻译(过载翻译)under translation (overloaded translation)

  校核 rectification

  释义 paraphrase

  翻译学 translatology

  翻译科学 science of translating

  神似 be alike in spirit (be an excellent likeness)

  化镜 sublimity (perfection)

  已入化境 reach(attain) perfection

  和谐 harmonious

  和谐一致 in perfect harmony

  不仅形似而且神似 be alike not only in appearance(form) but also in spirit

  宁信而不雅 It is better to be faithful than to be elegant

  宁顺而不信,宁信而不顺

  It is better to have a smooth version than a faithful one

  Rather be faithful (in thought) than smooth (in language)

  保持原文的丰姿 keep the full flavor of the original work

  忠实通顺 Faithful(ness) and smooth(ness) (clear and coherent)

  忠实的译文 translation true to the original

  忠实于原文 true(faithful) to the original

  句子不通 the sentence doesn’t read smoothly

  他的翻译通顺易懂 his interpretation is coherent and intelligible

  (泰特勒Tytler提出的)翻译三原则:

  1, 译文应完整地再现原文的思想内容

  That the translation should give a complete transcript of the ideas of the original work

  2, 译文的风格,笔调应与原文的性质相同

  That the style and manner of writing should be of the same character with that of the original

  3, 译文应象原文一样自然流畅

  That the translation should have all the ease of the original composition

  Generally speaking, a qualified translator should have

  1. a good command of the source language

  2. a good command of the target language

  3. a wide range and scope of knowledge

  4. a high political consciousness

  5. a necessary knowledge of basic techniques (skills) used in translation


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